![]() ![]() īatteries inside solar lamps usually use gel electrolyte technology with high performance in deep discharging, in order to enable use in extreme ranges of temperature. Lastly, the collector conducts a charge from the battery to outside. A separator also exists between cathode and anode which stops the electrodes reacting together at the same time as allowing electrical charge to flow freely between the two. Inside the case are electrodes including cathodes and anodes where chemical reactions occur. Ī battery is usually housed within a metal or plastic case. The encapsulate keeps out moisture and contaminants which could cause problems. ![]() Solar panels are made out of layers of different materials, as you can see in Figure 2, in order of glass, encapsulate, crystalline cells, encapsulate, back sheet, junction box and lastly frame. Photovoltaic systems directly convert sunlight into electricity. This process is called photovoltaic and photoelectric effect. More light shines through, more electrons move around hence more current flows between. This promotion of an electron allows freer movement within the crystal which produces a current. It promotes one electron from a covalent bond to a next energy level from upper layer to the lower layer. When the stream of light particles called photons enter, they give up their energy to the atoms in the silicon. ![]() A potential barrier is created between these two layers. In addition, the upper layer has more electrons and has slightly negative charge. The lower layer has less electrons and hence has a slight positive charge due to the negative charge nature of electrons. A solar cell has two different layers of silicon. Most solar panels are made out of single crystalline silicon, a semiconductor material. ![]()
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